Decline on bee populations, impact on honey bee queen development & mating success

• Chronic RF-EMF exposure significantly reduced hatching of honey bee queens.

• Mortalities occurred during pupation, not at the larval stages.

• Mating success was not adversely affected by the irradiation.

• After the exposure, surviving queens were able to establish intact colonies.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.154

Richard Odemer Franziska Odemer University of Hohenheim, Apicultural State Institute, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany